Immunotherapy
Mechanism of action:
Tumor cells contain various check point proteins such a PD-L1 on their surface.
Our immune cells (t-cells) have PD-1 on the surface.
PD L-1 and PD-1 combine to escape from the immune system from killing the cancer cells.
Hence, various drugs have been developed to inhibit the checkpoint proteins, which lead to cell killing.
The various immunotherapies being studied or used to treat blood cancer are:
The side effects of immunotherapy can differ depending on the treatment type and may also be impacted by the type and location of cancer, along with the overall health of the patient. It is recommended that patients consult with their oncologist and care team before undergoing treatment to have a better understanding of the potential risks and side effects associated with specific immunotherapies.
The common side effects of immunotherapy are:
Why immunotherapy causes side effects?
Immunotherapy is a successful treatment for several cancer types. They are strong drugs that, like other cancer therapies, may have adverse effects that alter your body’s functioning or your emotions. Everybody experiences these side effects differently. They are contingent upon the particular immunotherapy modality you are receiving, the kind and location of your cancer, as well as your overall health status and other variables.
Additionally, immunotherapy may trigger the immune system to target healthy cells. This can lead to side effects, which are also known as “immune-related adverse effects.” These may occur during treatment at any point or occasionally, even after immunotherapy has been discontinued.
Immunotherapy is rapidly evolving, and ongoing research is constantly improving how these therapies are used and developing new immunotherapeutic strategies.
Reference:
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